The Hidden Costs of Automated Thinking / Sci-Fi and an Uncertain Future / Past Futures / ‘Mind-Blowing Potential’ to Tackle Climate Crisis

Artificial Intelligence and Art at Exponential View

Marko Ahtisaari, subbing for Azeem, looks at AI and art. Noting for this quote which mirrors other articles and opinions of mine in previous issues.

Art and AI is a much-hyped, poorly understood and little experienced area. The breakthroughs will come, I believe, from the centaurs, the artist(s) working together with non-human intelligences, not machines emulating styles or replacing human artists.

And for this great one in the “Short morsels” section:

Many US-educated students from China are headed back East, claiming they can move faster and break more things in Shenzhen than in Silicon Valley.

Can Sci-Fi Writers Prepare Us for an Uncertain Future?

Rose Eveleth on the difference between scifi writers producing futures scenarios for clients, and professional futurists / forecasters doing “the same.” Good overview and includes quotes from some smart people with hybrid profiles.

But true Futurism is often pretty unsexy. It involves sifting through a lot of data and research and models and spreadsheets. Nobody is going to write a profile of your company or your government project based on a dry series of models outlining carefully caveated possibilities. On the other hand, worldbuilding—the process of imagining a universe in which your fictional stories can exist—is fun. People want stories, and science fiction writers can provide them.

More: Eveleth also mentions in passing a piece by Doctorow, Fake News Is an Oracle, which includes this quote on scifi as ouija board.

In the same way, science fiction responds to our societal ideomotor responses. First, the authors write the stories about the futures they fear and rel­ish. These futures are not drawn from a wide-open field; rather, they make use of the writer’s (and audience’s) existing vocabulary of futuristic ideas: robots, internets and AIs, spaceships and surveil­lance devices. Writers can only get away with so much exposition in their fiction (though I’ve been known to push the limits) and so the imaginative leaps of a work of fiction are constrained by the base knowledge the writer feels safe in assuming their readers share.

Also: This is the Muslim tradition of sci-fi and speculative fiction.

No.87 Asides

The “they looked promising but I ran out of time and besides this thing is already long enough” section: My manifesto for a post-carbon future (Paul Mason), Was the Automotive Era a Terrible Mistake? (I’m going to go with yes), Networked Dream Worlds (5G at Real Life), and The Desire for Full Automation (I actually read a good chunk of this one and it’s interesting, but it’s a 20 min read and I felt I had to re-read to even begin to compress it, but have a look.) Oh, also Writing the Future With Utopias and Building Utopia in Space (on Fred Scharmen’s book).

• 😍😍😍🌘 The Atlas of Moons. Fantastic animated long scroll through the moons (+ you can grab and rotate them) of the solar system (the Jupiter system is bonkers). ”Our solar system collectively hosts nearly 200 known moons, some of which are vibrant worlds in their own right. Take a tour of the major moons in our celestial menagerie, including those that are among the most mystifying—or scientifically intriguing—places in our local neighborhood.”
• 🇫🇷👩‍🚒 Notre-Dame came far closer to collapsing than people knew. This is how it was saved. Another fabulous visual report at the NYT. Incredible job by the firefighters.
• 🐲🏰 Woah. The Rise of the Professional Dungeon Master. “Nerd culture, Stranger Things, and the gig economy have created a world where Dungeons & Dragons enthusiasts host games for $500.”
• 🇨🇳📱 Chinese vertical dramas made for phone viewing show the future of mobile video. “What’s remarkable about vertical drama is that it’s not just any scripted content cropped for a vertical aspect ratio. These shows are specifically imagined for the mobile screen from the ground up.”
• 🎥🌎 From 20,000 miles up, our home planet is a hypnotic swirl of the familiar and the sublime. “[Orbiting] much further than the International Space Station (245 miles) yet much closer than the Moon (c238,900 miles) – while perpetually fixed over the Eastern Hemisphere, Himawari-8 provides a unique perspective on the planet and its weather patterns.”
• 🐙🦑 For Smart Animals, Octopuses Are Very Weird. “Unencumbered by a shell, cephalopods became flexible in both body and mind.” (Love that phrase!)
• 🇬🇧🏡 I’ve seen the future and it’s Norwich: the energy-saving, social housing revolution. “This is proper social housing, rented from the council with secure tenancies at fixed rents. Not only that, it is some of the most energy-efficient housing ever built in the UK, meeting the exacting German Passivhaus standards – which translates into a 70% reduction in fuel bills for tenants. It might not look groundbreaking, but this little neighbourhood represents something quietly miraculous.”
• 🌎 This is what 50 years of human migration looks like. “Data from the past 50 years of international migration help us understand why people make the choice to leave and where they go. Less than 10 percent of these migrants are forced to flee; most are seeking a better life and move only when they can afford to. Global migrants totaled fewer than 100 million in the 1960s, and although the number has increased substantially since then, it remains a fraction of the world’s 7.6 billion people today.”
• 🤯🤔 Robert Rohde 🧵 on Twitter “Animated diagram of the Earth’s Carbon Cycle and how it has changed over time.Carbon, in various forms including CO2 and organic materials, is continually exchanged between the atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere.However, human activities have perturbed the carbon cycle”

Past Futures / Participatory Panopticon Revisited

Paul Graham Raven thinking about his practice and quoting Jamais Cascio’s work. A very interesting take on “black-sky thinking,” tactical foresight, and generally a more critical version of futurism. Also including it as a counterpoint to some of the rosier visions I’ve linked to before, and because his “scout” angle at the end is adjacent to my view of Thought Partnership.

Cascio was one of the first people I can recall reading who was doing what I think of as “black-sky thinking” – contemplating the darker possibilities of sociotechnical change, in a way that seemed to me to combine the best and most interesting aspects of sf worldbuilding along with the real-world critique that I was slowly coming to see as an urgent political project in reality. […]

“Foresight (forecasts, scenarios, futurism, etc.) is the most useful when it alerts us to emerging possible developments that we had not otherwise imagined. Not just as a ‘distant early warning,’ but as a vaccination. A way to become sensitive to changes that we may have missed.”

The Hidden Costs of Automated Thinking

It’s the first time I’ve seen an argument about the blackboxes of AI presented this way. Jonathan Zittrain makes a parallel with drug discovery. In many cases, we don’t now why they work, or we didn’t for a long while. He calls this intellectual debt and frames the AI blackboxes in the same way; what we don’t know about how they work is a debt, and the missing understanding opens the door to clashes with reality, abuses, and complex interactions and consequences.

This approach to discovery—answers first, explanations later—accrues what I call intellectual debt. It’s possible to discover what works without knowing why it works, and then to put that insight to use immediately, assuming that the underlying mechanism will be figured out later. […]

And yet, most machine-learning systems don’t uncover causal mechanisms. They are statistical-correlation engines. They can’t explain why they think some patients are more likely to die, because they don’t “think” in any colloquial sense of the word—they only answer. As we begin to integrate their insights into our lives, we will, collectively, begin to rack up more and more intellectual debt. […]

But intellectual debts don’t exist in isolation. Answers without theory, found and deployed in different areas, can complicate one another in unpredictable ways. […]

Intellectual debt can accumulate in the interstices where systems bump into each other, even when they don’t formally interconnect. Without anything resembling a balance sheet, there’s no way to determine—either in advance or retrospectively—whether any particular quantity of intellectual debt is worth taking on. […]

A world of knowledge without understanding becomes a world without discernible cause and effect, in which we grow dependent on our digital concierges to tell us what to do and when.

More: I’m definitely article around for future use and attaching it with this favourite from last year; Half Life: The Decay of Knowledge. Some of those changes in our knowledge are (or result from) payments of intellectual debt.

Tree Planting ‘Has Mind-Blowing Potential’ to Tackle Climate Crisis

Not as clear cut as the title might lead us to believe. How would such a massive project be paid, by whom, how long it would take, how truly doable is it, etc. All important questions but at least it’s something we know works, the questions are more around scale and speed.

The study, published in the journal Science, determines the potential for tree planting but does not address how a global tree planting programme would be paid for and delivered. […]

The research is based on the measurement of the tree cover by hundreds of people in 80,000 high-resolution satellite images from Google Earth. Artificial intelligence computing then combined this data with 10 key soil, topography and climate factors to create a global map of where trees could grow.